Renaissance and the church

The renaissance time frame is known to have effectsly affected the Catholic Church, both positive and negative. This was the period when the Catholic Church increased a great deal of prevalence from individuals. In any case, it was additionally during this period when the congregation nearly crumbled. This paper looks to set up the different ways that the ascent and the close to fall of the congregation were because of the renaissance period.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Renaissance and the congregation explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Despite the a lot of complexities that were existent during this period, there was a declining impact of the Catholic Church. Most humanists believed that the congregation despite everything had customary standards, qualities and strategies which they felt that they were getting obsolete and ought to consequently change. In the prior periods, the Catholic Church was a basic piece of the structure that depend ed on the unwaveringness between vassals of the primitive framework and the rulers. In the renaissance time frame nonetheless, there was a move on center from strict issues to cash matters. The congregation made some hard memories changing in accordance with this new way of thinking. Subsequently the congregation had been blamed on the reason for defilement on a few events, a demonstration which gave the congregation a terrible notoriety. The high respect of the congregation was additionally injured as some congregation heads despoiled the scriptural guidelines they were assigned to maintain and existed no contrastingly that the common traders and political numbers. This was moreover exacerbated by the appreciation by the new sovereigns that, so as to look after incomparability, the congregation needed to work as indicated by its customary principles and guidelines, rehearses that were blurring in the congregation. This was on the grounds that some congregation heads were acting in a way which was in agreement to the standards of the Catholic Church. In spite of the fact that there was decrease in the fame of the Catholic Church during this time, there was some development in strict issues. This for the most part occurred in the fourteenth to the fifteenth century in a period which later came to be known as The Reformation. It was increasingly basic in the sixteenth century. Decrease of the Church The ecclesiastical porch was embarrassed when, in the in the early long periods of the fourteenth century, the French ruler implemented them to Avignon. This stressed move drove the places of worship highest pioneers to develop as the subjects of France.Advertising Looking for article on history? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The congregation, in its place of giving strict initiative to the quickly moving society, became pre-busy with its administration of staff and methods. The quandary turned out to be s urprisingly more terrible during the Great Schism, when adversary popes competed for intensity of the congregation. This was proof of covetousness in the congregation. A definitive result additionally decreased the political load of the congregation. There were praiseworthy pioneers of the Catholic Church for the length of these occasions. Nicholas V and Pius II, who trailed the last mentioned, were taught, sincere and honorable leaders of the congregation. There were what's more different popes, similar to Alexander VI, who was pope in the year 1492, Julius II and furthermore Leo X, who were essentially worried about the political grounds, the underwriting of their families and the donation of the craftsmanship. These popes moreover debilitated the ability of the Catholic Church to have expert on the general public and furthermore in legislative issues. With its destabilized position, the congregation set up that its ecclesiastical force was getting progressively tested, both in th e region and countrywide. These tests to the ecclesiastical impact, known as â€Å"heresy†, thrived, and pundits ended up being progressively real to life and overflowing The Growth of Religion The concern of the temples circumstance was a result of the intensity of the congregation, not the defect. The weight of the Catholic Church was bombing however there was at this point expanding acknowledgment of religion completely through all locales of Europe (Barry, 11). Religion began to upset. Evangelists approached the heathens to ask absolution (atone). This affiliation had confidence in straight divine revelations without the congregation as an operator. Individuals who fought the Catholic Church, alongside their conflicting convictions, represented a danger to standard religion. Famous unconventional developments supported their development and kept on brave ecclesiastical power. A few divisions of these developments happened to be so ready to have the entire Catholic Church discarded. For the span of the 14 century, a British scholar, John Wycliffe began airing his complaints against the Catholic Church in his trainings and contents. These blasphemers develop to be mainstream because of their assaults, yet they hang about as a little underground. The prevalence of the reformers expected to alter the Catholic Church, not dispose of it. There was a noteworthy scholar in the early occasions of the sixteenth century at the University of Paris who upheld conciliar hypothesis. This speculation planned for making a reorganization to the Catholic Church by killing the preeminent impact of the pope and placing it in a typical council.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Renaissance and the congregation explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The renaissance time frame can henceforth be viewed as a period that implied a great deal of preliminaries and ensuing tribulations to the Catholic Church overall. It kept the congregation in steady changes (Starn, 22). Works Cited Barry, William. The Renaissance. The Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. Vol. 12. Starn, Randolph. â€Å"A Postmodern Renaissance?† Renaissance Quarterly. 2007. 60(1): 1-24 This paper on Renaissance and the congregation was composed and put together by client Damaris Morrow to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for examination and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here.

Comparative economic systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Near financial frameworks - Essay Example With industrialization came the requirement for a gifted and various workforce where customary work courses of action were not, at this point plausible. During the Cold War time frame the world was isolated into two principle camps with the West (USA, W. Europe) grasping a free market monetary framework and the East (USSR, China) grasping an order financial framework. In a free market monetary framework a nation’s financial exercises are the aftereffect of individual choices by purchasers and merchants reflected in the cost of items and administrations in the commercial center. Individuals have the opportunity to build up their gifts and capacities and take up work or enter callings as indicated by singular decision. They can likewise create and flexibly products and ventures as private organizations uninhibitedly inside lawful and authoritative commitments. The free market monetary arrangement of the West adumbrating free undertaking has been (and keeps on being) alluded to as private enterprise. Up until the finish of the Cold War, private enterprise was a term of slander toward the East where socialism ( a term of insult toward the West) was the term utilized for an order economy where all monetary action of the country was controlled midway by the administration (interceded by the Communist Party). No private people were permitted to claim and work the methods for creation of merchandise and enterprises. Open possession, with the exception of in exceptionally little scope, neighborhood financial movement, was the standard. As everybody knows, USA represents the paradigmatic industrialist state while Soviet Russia and China used to embody socialism. Things have changed for Russia and China since the 1980s (in spite of the fact that the last despite everything clutches the socialist mark) and what these progressions are, the manner by which they have been received and the advancement accomplished are the worry of this paper. A third sort of monetary framework called communism is embraced by certain nations with a large portion of the significant ventures,

CFPB Launches Financial Education Tool for Servicemembers - OppLoans

CFPB Launches Financial Education Tool for Servicemembers - OppLoans CFPB Launches Financial Education Tool for ServicemembersInside Subprime: June 27, 2019By Jessica EastoThe Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) announced last month the launch of a new financial education tool for active-duty servicemembers.The tool, called Misadventures in Money Management, was originally launched in 2016 for young recruits who were awaiting their basic training. According to the Office of Servicemember Affairs, “the goal of the tool is to teach future servicemembers they can avoid common financial mistakes that can cause significant problems with their personal finances,” including information about:choosing a bank or financial institutionunderstanding the Servicemembers Civil Relief Actavoiding impulsive purchasesThe CFPB describes it as “a cutting edge, graphic novel meets choose your own adventure virtual learning experience.” As of May 2017, there were 10,000 users of the tool with an overall completion rate of more than 60 percent.Participants c an view the leaderboard to see how their branch of the military stacks up. As of this writing, the US Coast Guard was on top with a 78.61 percent completion rate while the US Air Force ranked the lowest, with only a 25.71 percent completion rate.In 2017, the program launched a second course specifically designed for students enrolled in the Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) for the Army, Navy and Air Force. Now, the tool is available to all active-duty service members, including the ROTC and the National Guard, so that they, too, can “fight zombies, time travel, save the world from aliens and learn how to make smart financial decisions.”“Misadventures in Money Management is a valuable resource for servicemembers and their families that will help them understand their options in the financial marketplace so they can avoid the most common mistakes,” said CFPB Director Kathleen L. Kraninger in a statement. “Improving the financial readiness of our military servicememb ers is important so they can focus on the mission at hand.”Financial stress has increased among military families in recent years, and military life comes with unique financial challenges, including frequent moves that bring additional expenses and difficult job searches for partners and spouses.Predatory lenders, such as those that deal in payday loans (aka cash advances) and title loans, frequently prey on servicemembers, and studies have shown that military families have more debt and fewer assets than civilian families.According to the CFPB, 8,000 servicemembers are discharged each year due to financial problems, and the cost to the government to replace these servicemembers is about $450 million a year.Learn more about payday loans, scams, and cash advances by checking out our city and state financial guides, including Florida, Illinois, Chicago, Ohio, Texas, and more.Visit  OppLoans  on  YouTube  |  Facebook  |  Twitter  |  LinkedIn

Hungergames Essay - 1058 Words

Monologue model Year 11 Katniss Everdeen volunteering in Prim’s place as tribute and deciding to fight against the injustice of the Games Katniss enters slowly, stunned, and then as the realisation of the words set in, she races towards the front of the stage to face the panel. And the girl tribute for District 12 is †¦ Primrose Everdeen! Not Prim! Not my little duck! There must be some mistake! This can’t be happening! Stop! I volunteer! I volunteer as tribute in her place! I am Katniss and I wish to be Tribute for District 12. Don’t take Primrose! Katniss takes a minute to compose herself before continuing. I promise I will do whatever I can to bring victory to this District and that I will be a true and brave Tribute if you†¦show more content†¦I could never let her have to confront the degradation or torment of weeks of competition – she would not last a second. The other tributes would see her as a frightened deer – easy prey – and crush her like a bug. Pacing up and down and stopping every now and again to face the audience and look at them with conviction. Me on the other hand? At least I can hunt and I am pretty good with a bow. I am a stronger person much more capable of looking after myself and using my wits to protect me than Prim will ever be. She is a baby! It astounds me how the Capitol can continue to hold these barbaric games. They have already taken our livelihoods and our freedom – what good could possibly come of the senseless slaughter of innocent children apart from the punishment for an uprising that happened so long ago, it is not in my memory. Why must the children be put to death? Moves to centre stage and sits The anguish I am feeling is rising up in my chest, threatening to flood over me and cause more misery and hopelessness than I am already experiencing. But I am stronger than that! Stands again and moves stage left I will overcome this sense of utter desolation and take on the challenge of sticking to the Capitol in any way I can. Being led into this room reminds me of what prison must be like for those who betray the Capitol and it hardens my resolve. I am determined more than ever to fight for my freedom and the freedom of all children of Panem. We are not lambs

American History Native Americans - 829 Words

Have you ever wondered what it would be like to be Native American during the European invasion? In American history Native Americans were treated unfairly. The American government mistreated the Natives by lying to them and treating them as foreigners. After years of fighting for freedom the Natives did not achieve their goal for freedom. The Trail of Tears, being the most tragic event in American history, was due to the Removal Act in the 1830s, the misguidance of President Andrew Jackson, the discovery of gold, and the false promises made to the Native Americans. In the beginning of the 1830s, about 150,000 Native Americans lived on the lands of Georgia, Florida, Tennessee, and Alabama. By the end of the 1830s the Indians were moved out and the few left were workers for the Europeans. The Native Americans were sent to â€Å"Indian Territory.† The article informs that, â€Å"Some wanted to stay and fight. Others thought it was prognostic to agree and leave in exchange for money and other concessions† (Trail of Tears). The government promised to keep land for the Indians but the greed of the whites made the Indian population shrink. These settlers kept coming in whenever they saw the opportunity for gold. During the 1830s, the discovery of gold made the southeast region of the United States a prime region for prospectors. This led to the Removal Act of the Native Americans. The Native Americans were forced out of their land so the European immigrants could have somewhere toShow MoreRelatedNative American History : Native Americans1099 Words   |  5 Pages Native Americans A few thousands of years before the famous and high recognized explore Christopher Columbus’ ships landed in the Bahamas, a distinctive group of people discovered America. The ancestors of modern Native Americans who hiked over a â€Å"land bridge† from Asia more than 12,000 years ago. In fact, there is an estimate that more than 50 million people were already living in the Americas. As time passed, these migrants and their descendants pushed south and east, adapting as they wentRead MoreNative Americans And American History988 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout history, relationships between the Native Americans and the United States have been nothing but battle torn, and unfortunately have followed a consistent path of betrayal. There is no denying the universal fact that Native Americans have been unfairly treated and portrayed throughout American history. According to American history written during and after the war the Indian Wars that occurred were very subjective, and prejudiced in its depiction of the Native Americans. For example oneRead MoreNative American History : Native Americans1879 Words   |  8 Pages†¯Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Native American Lives Since the beginning of time, conquering other societies has been a common occurrence. Almost every battle that has taken place has been documented. When stories of past battles are retold, only one side of the tale gets told, the victor’s side. In history, the ones who have been defeated never get to present their perspective of the tragic quarrels. Most never even lived to tell the stories, but the ones who do survive are not thought of as important accounts in history.Read MoreNative Americans And American History1036 Words   |  5 PagesNative Americans do not experience enough social, political, and economic equality today because their stereotypes are portrayed in media, they do not have enough government representation, and they are not as well off as most Americans. Education plays a big part in how Native Americans are represented. Many schools, according to â€Å"The Coddling of the American Mind,† are overprotective of their students, thus censoring and limiting some important topics that students are required to learn. ThisRead MoreNative Americans And American History1396 Words   |  6 PagesNative Americans have remained a prominent aspect of American history; not just a history of the people, but a history of the land and the extensive traditions that shadowed it, like footprints in the sand. However, when the Europeans staggered over with indifference towards the natives and their unusual customs, a conflict erupted that dates back hundreds of years and continues into the present. As the United States grew further more intolerant of the natives, the daring judgment to either assimilateRead MoreNative Americans And American History Essay969 Words   |  4 PagesNative Americans, or Indians, as they were mistakenly called, have been the â€Å"pathetic footnotes to the main course of American history† (Axtell 981). But James Axtell, the author of Colonial America without the Indians: Counterfactual Reflections, would beg to differ. He says that instead, Indians played a key role in making America great. James Murray gives another term to describe America’s greatness: America’s â€Å"exceptionalism.† Throughout his article Axtell makes many points as to why IndiansRead MoreThe American Of Native American History Essay2006 Words   |  9 PagesLong before Europeans landed on the east coast of the American continent, native peoples were living and thriving across the land. This is historical fact that is taught in schools across the country. However, much of the rest of Native American history that we are exposed to in schools really does not reflect truth. While the broad lessons capture parts of the story, the reality is that much of the history is distorted and paints an inaccur ate picture of the tribes and how they were treated by settlersRead MoreNative Americans History1879 Words   |  7 PagesWhen asking a child, educated or not, what they ideas are when they hear the term Native American where does they mind venture to? More than likely do they not consider the former House of Representative, Charles D. Curtis or professor pitcher Joba Chamberlain. But they also do not think of a Native American as being an average person, a boy/girl like themselves. What children believe to be Native American are descriptions such as, feather headdresses, tomahawks, and long braided hair or scalpedRead MoreNative American History And History785 Words   |  4 PagesAs we speak and history verifies the very fact of the long-standing planning practices of American Indian that had enabled them to survive through every hurdle placed in the way. Although many Native American societies didn’t have a written language, many tribes were advanced enough and had writ ten history or organized spiritual ceremonies and practices. Many tribes were destroyed and others moved far away from their ancestral home. Since the origin, and till now, American Indians have been ableRead MoreAmerican History : Native American Religion1615 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican History: Native American Religion The North American community in today’s worlds has embraced Christianity, Muslim and other popular religious beliefs. Finding the ancient religious practices in action is rare, but not impossible. The communities had their own believes concerning gods and philosophies of good and evil before they were colonized. The communities have lost most of their beliefs and practices as they took place in the earlier community to popular religions which were introduced

A Plan For Student Loan Debt Burden - 995 Words

Marco Rubio has a plan for students. Since the 1980s, the student loan-debt burden has risen to $1.2 trillion, which is nondischargable, meaning that the debt could follow you for the rest of your life. States have cut education funding and in response, universities raised tuition. And it does not seem that politicians are taking any meaningful action to ameliorate this debt burden. Rubio wants businesses to invest in individual students and after graduation; the student â€Å"will pay a percentage of my salary over a defined period of time in return for that investment.† (The Wire) There are several problems with this arrangement not the least of which: It smacks of indentured servitude. The arrangement puts the student in the same financial place as traded securities: i.e. bought and sold. In addition, investing in an individual student would be on its face a more risky â€Å"investment† if the student were from low-income families. This plan might work for student from high-income families: Students from high-income families can use their family income, and assets as tangible collaterals; and goodwill, namely, family name and reputation as intangible â€Å"collaterals.† So in institutions of higher learning, the poor would be underrepresented in the student population if the Marco Rubio model is deployed. According to an article in (USA Today), in 2013, the government’s profit from student loans was $41.3 billion: It was $49.9 billion in the previous years. But should the governmentShow MoreRelatedThe Debt And Interest Of Student Loans1164 Words   |  5 Pages The amount of student loans that one accumulates throughout post-secondary education can become a heavy burden. In addition, the study conducted by Scheresberg, Lusardi, and Yakoboski (2014) show that a surprising amount of students are not aware of the financial burden that they have acquired until they are deep in debt and interest. They summarize that: Overall, there is a notable mismatch among college-educated Millennials between their perceived and demonstrated levels of financial literacyRead MoreBenefits Of A Student Loan Debt991 Words   |  4 PagesWhen a student finally graduates from college there is this excitement that comes to you. You finally graduated and now can apply the things you have learned in the job or career you plan on. Unfortunately, it’s not that simple, many graduating student finds themselves in hug student loan debt. The numbers are staggering: more than $1.2 trillion in outstanding student loan debt, 40 million borrowers, an average balance of $29,000. Men and women laboring under student debt are postponing marriageRead MoreCollege Graduates Suffering From Excessive Financial Burden As A Result Of Student Loan Debt1657 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Over the past decade, the total volume of outstanding student loan debt has tripled and is now over $1 trillion† (Jaquette and Hillman). 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THIS should be the reality, the outcome after graduating. Unfortunately, unless people come from a rich family or gained a rare full ride to college, the realities of the aftermath are not that bright. Because almost all students can’t afford to attend college, the consumption of student loans comes back to haunt them in the end. Since the government

Financial Securities in Capital Market †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Financial Securities in Capital Market. Answer: Introduction: It is a case in which Mark and Paul, two marketing student has presented 2 investment proposal in front of the investors to analyze them and make an investment into them so that the worth of invested amount could be enhanced. In this report, for the assistance of the investors, both the projects have been analyzed so that the investors could take a better decision. First investment proposal is related to the restaurant proposals where the investors would invest into the restaurant to enhance the worth of the invested amount. Further, second investment proposal is related to buying some financial securities to enhance the worth of the invested amount (Lafond and Roychowdhury, 2008). In first investment, various figures and amount have been analyzed to identify the total return from the investment. More, it has been found that still, various techniques would be required for the investors to analyze the first investment proposal. In this report, budgeting techniques have been analyzed t o identify the performance of the investment proposal and the total return which would be got by the investors through this investment project. In second investment, various figures and amount have been analyzed to identify the total return from the investment. More, it has been found that still, various techniques would be required for the investors to analyze the first investment proposal. In this report, capital budgeting techniques have been analyzed to identify the performance of the investment proposal and the total return which would be got by the investors through this investment project. An investment opportunity is required for every individual and organization to manage the funds and enhance the worth of the funds through getting the return and profit. Investment opportunity could be got by every investor at any moment of the life. These opportunities could be anything such as investing into the new project, machineries, financial securities, capital market, security market, diversification of organization, new machineries etc. Investments are the main way to adopt the market changes and according to that, manage the invested amount. Investments have changing environment. It is not required that the investors always get the positive return from the market. Sometimes, due to various changes into the market and the economical changes, the investment changes could be enhanced or deducted (Horngren, 2009). Still, an investor always looks for the high return and the expectation to manage and enhance the worth of the invested amount. There are many ways to identify that whether the investment would offer high return or not. In this report, there are 2 investment proposals. In first investment, various figures and amount have been analyzed to identify the total return from the investment. More, it has been found that still, various techniques would be required for the investors to analyze the first investment proposal. In this report, budgeting techniques have been analyzed to identify the performance of the investment proposal and the total return which would be got by the investors through this investment project (Garrison, Noreen, Brewer and McGowan, 2010). In second investment, various figures and amount have been analyzed to identify the total return from the investment. More, it has been found that still, various techniques would be required for the investors to analyze the first investment proposal. In this report, capital budgeting techniques have been analyzed to identify the performance of the investment proposal and the total return which would be got by the investors through this investment project. Restaurant Investment opportunity: In first investment, various figures and amount have been analyzed to identify the total return from the investment. More, it has been found that still, various techniques would be required for the investors to analyze the first investment proposal. In this report, budgeting techniques have been analyzed to identify the performance of the investment proposal and the total return which would be got by the investors through this investment project. According to this case, the investors would have cash in hand worth of $ 80,000. The investors would be required to buy Machineries or equipment worth of $ 30,000, consequently there are many other types of machinery which is also required by the investor to buy for managing the restaurant and start the restaurant business (Deegan, 2013). Further, company would be required to buy furniture, vehicles, and utensils and more, meals and drinks would be required for the inventors to buy to offer the products and meal to the guest of the restaurant. According to the case, $ 10, 000 would be spent by the business to buy the meals in for a week. This process would be start from the 1st June of the business and would run, till the business run in the market. This amount would be paid back to the suppliers on 1st August. Further, $ 20, 000 would be spent by the business to buy the drinks in for a month. This process would be start from the 1st July of the business and would run, till the business run in the market (Brown, Beeke and Verhoeven, 2011). This amount would be paid back to the suppliers on 1st August. The amount of drinks would be paid back by the company according to the %. Such as in first month, 10% of the amount would be paid in the first month, in second month, 45% of the amount would be paid in the second month, in third month, 45% of the amount would be paid in the third month. Further, the labour of the company is total 6 in the number which are working for the 6 days in a week and the working hours of the company is 6 hours in a day. Rate of the labour is $ 23 per labour hour and the total week in a month is 4. Further, $ 10,000 would be withdrawn by the companys investors every month. The total overhead of the company is $5000 per month and the sales of the company would be 20000 meals in first month, 18000 meals in second month, 18000 meals in third month and 22000 in forth month. The Average selling price of the products is the $ 45 (Brewer et al, 2005). Sales budget is a financial statement report that express the user about various future prediction related to the products and services which would be sell by a company. Sales budgeting reports are prepared by the organizations to analyze the total unit which could be sold and the total income from sales (Needles, Powers and Crosson, 2013). This helps the business to make the next steps accordingly. According to this case, the sales of the company would be 20000 meals in first month, 18000 meals in second month, 18000 meals in third month and 22000 in forth month. The Average selling price of the products is the $ 45. Labour budget is a financial statement report that express the user about various future prediction related to the total working hour and rate per hour which would be paid by a company. Labour budgeting reports are prepared by the organizations to analyze the total labour hour which would be required for managing the business. This helps the business to make the next steps accordingly (Nobes and Parker, 2008). According to this case, the labour of the company is total 6 in the number which are working for the 6 days in a week and the working hours of the company is 6 hours in a day. Rate of the labour is $ 23 per labour hour and the total week in a month is 4 Cash budget is a financial statement report that express the user about various future prediction related to the cash outflow and cash inflow. Cash budgeting reports are prepared by the organizations to analyze the total outflow and inflow which could be got through total revenue and the expenses. This helps the business to make the next steps accordingly. According to this case, the cash inflow and outflow varies each year. There is no similarity in the cash flows of the company (Bierman, 2010). Thus according to this case, it has been found that the budgeting reports of the company would offer helps the business to make the next steps according to the cash budget, sales budget and labour budget of the company. Practical issues linked with investment: Various practical issues could be linked in this investment opportunity such as management of the amount, economical issues, internal issues and the external issues (Van der Stede, 2001). In second investment, various figures and amount have been analyzed to identify the total return from the investment. More, it has been found that still, various techniques would be required for the investors to analyze the first investment proposal. In this report, capital budgeting techniques have been analyzed to identify the performance of the investment proposal and the total return which would be got by the investors through this investment project (Radebaugh, Gray and Black, 2006). Initial Cost $ -3,90,000 Cash Inflows June $ 1,00,000 July $ 2,30,000 Aug $ 1,90,000 Sept $ 1,40,000 Comparison of investment opportunity: After evaluating both the investment, it has been found that both the business would offer high return to the investors now it depends over the investor to find a better plan according to their suitability as both the opportunities are different from each other. Conclusion: Thus, it could be said that investment plays a crucial role and is required for everyone to manage the funds and enhance the worth of the invested amount. References: Bierman, H., (2010).An introduction to accounting and managerial finance: a merger of equals. World Scientific. Brewer, P.C., Garrison, R.H. and Noreen, E.W., (2005).Introduction to managerial accounting. McGraw-Hill Irwin. Brown, P., Beekes, W. and Verhoeven, P., (2011). Corporate governance, accountin Deegan, C., (2013).Financial accounting theory. McGraw-Hill Education Australia. Garrison, R.H., Noreen, E.W., Brewer, P.C. and McGowan, A., (2010). Managerial accounting.Issues in Accounting Education,(25(4), pp.79(2-793. Horngren, C.T., (2009).Cost accounting: A managerial emphasis, 13/e. Pearson Education India. Lafond, R. and Roychowdhury, S., (2008). Managerial ownership and accounting conservatism.Journal of accounting research,46(1), pp.101-135. Needles, B., Powers, M. and Crosson, S., (2013).Financial and managerial accounting. Nelson Education. Nobes, C. and Parker, R.H., (2008).Comparative international accounting. Pearson Education. Radebaugh, L.H., Gray, S.J. and Black, E.L., (2006).International accounting and multinational enterprises. New York, NY: John Wiley Sons. Van der Stede, W.A., (2001. Measuring tight budgetary control.Management Accounting Research,1(2(1), pp.119-137.

Blue Whales Essays (1729 words) - Baleen Whales, Megafauna

Blue Whales Abstract The Blue whale is the largest creature of the sea, in fact, it is the largest creature known to man. Contrary to what most people think, even though Blue whales live in the sea, they are mammals. They breathe air, have their babies born alive and can live anywhere from 30 to 70 years. The Blue whale is a baleen whale, and instead of having teeth, Blue whales have around 300-400 baleen plates in their mouths. They fall under the category of the rorquals, which are the largest of the baleen family. The scientific name of the Blue whale is, Balsenoptera musculus. Key Words: Balaenoptera musculus, Suborder Mysticeti, balaenoptera intermedia, balaenoptera brevicauds, baleen whale, rorqual, calf, sulfur bottom, Sibbald's Rorqual, Great Northern Rorqual, gulpers, blowholes, blubber, oil, keratin, krill, copepods, plankton, orcas, endangered Introduction Whales are separated into two groups, the baleen and the toothed whales. The blue whale is the largest baleen whale and the largest animal that ever lived on Earth, including the largest dinosaurs. Baleen are rows of coarse, bristle-like fibers used to strain plankton from the water. Baleen is made of keratin, the same material as our fingernails. They live in pods, the have two blowholes. The blue whale has a 2-14 inch (5-30cm) thick layer of blubber. Blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) are baleen whales (Suborder Mysticeti). They are one of 76 species and are marine mammals. Background The Blue whale is called a ?rorqual?, a Norwegian word for ?furrow? referring to the pleated grooves running from its chin to its naval. The pleated throat grooves allow the Blue whale's throat to expand during the huge intake of water during filter feeding; they can ?hold 1,000 tons or more of food and water when fully expanded? (Small 1971). Blue whales have 50-70 throat grooves. Blue whales grow up to about 80 feet (25m) long on average, weighing about 120 tons. The females are generally larger than the males, this is the case for all baleen whales. ?The largest specimen found was a female 94 feet (29m) long weighing more than 174 tons? (Satchell 1998). The head of the Blue whale forms up to a quarter of the total body length. Compared with other rorquals, the head is very broad. The blue whale heart is the size of a small car and can pump almost 10 tons of blood throughout the body. They have a very small, falcate (sickle-shaped) dorsal fin that is located near the fluke, or tail. Blue whales have long, thin flippers 8 feet (2.4m) long and flukes that are 25feet (7.6m) wide. The blue whale's skin is usually blue-gray with white-gray spots. The underbelly has brown, yellow, or gray specks. During the winter, in cold waters, diatoms stick to the underbelly, giving it a yellow to silver- to sulfur-colored sheen; giving the blue whale its nick-name of ?sulfur bottoms?. Other names include Sibbald's Rorqual and Great Northern Rorqual. Blue whales (like all baleen whales) are seasonal feeders and carnivores that filter feed tiny crustaceans (krill, copepods, etc), plankton, and small fish from the water. Krill, or shrimp-like euphasiids are no longer than 3 inches. It is amazing that the world's largest animals feed on the smallest marine life. Blue whales are gulpers, filter feeders that alternatively swim then gulp a mouthful of plankton or fish. ?An average-sized blue whale will eat 2,000-9,000 pounds (900-4100kg) of plankton each day during the summer feeding season in cold, arctic waters (120 days)? (Hasley 1984). The blue whale has twin blowholes with exceptionally large fleshy splashguards to the front and sides. It has about 320 pairs of black baleen plates with dark gray bristles in the blue whale's jaws. These plates can be 35-39 inches (90cm-1m) long, 21 inches (53cm) wide, and weigh 200 pounds (90kg). This is the largest of all the rorquals, but not the largest of all the whales. The tongue weighs 4 tons. Blue whales live individually or in very small pods (groups). They frequently swim in pairs. When the whale comes to the surface of the water, he takes a large breath of air. Then he dives back into the water, going to a depth of 350 feet (105m). Diving is also the way in which whales catch most of their food. Whales

Developing a Sociological Imagination †Sociology Essay

Developing a Sociological Imagination – Sociology Essay Free Online Research Papers Developing a Sociological Imagination Sociology Essay Introduction -‘The sociological imagination’ is a term used by sociologist C. Wright Mills to identify the concern that sociology has with determining the connections between individual behaviour and the forces which have shaped it. (Van Krieken, Smith, Habibis, McDonald, Haralambos and Holborn, 2000: 5) In an attempt to demonstrate the creative development of a sociological imagination, the Ibrahim Warde article ‘Work: the new cult?’ (2002:59): how individuals are effected by work, or more specifically, the current trends of work culture and the effects this has on individuals, will be explored by using the critical thought processes identified by Mills and by addressing the key questions suggested by Evan Willis (1995:16-22), being what is happening, why is it happening?, what are the consequences?, how do we know? and how could it be otherwise? Body * What is happening? Using United States workers as an example, Warde testifies that they work harder than their counterparts anywhere in the industrial world’. In what appears to be a direct correlation, the US is experiencing ‘great prosperity and a substantial rise in productivity’. (2002:59) Perhaps in an attempt to re-create past securities and in response to levels of profitability and employee satisfaction, workplaces are striving to become lifestyle friendly by creating fun workplaces to fulfil physical, psychological and emotional needs of employees by creating workplaces that allow employees to continue working ever increasing hours. (Warde, 2002). *Why? Reasons stated by Warde in his article for individuals working these increased hours are so they are able to afford things they feel they should have because wages are not keeping up with lifestyle wants and needs. Companies are looking for ways to boost employee morale in times of economic instability, to increase profits and improve productivity, to compensate for not increasing wages or benefits in the traditional way and are able to justify these reasons by creating an ethos of ‘building the future and changing the world’. (2002:59) * What are the consequences? What we are left with are hard working individuals that have no time for family or leisure- creating dysfunctional relationships and low morale and companies that encourage separation of their employees from the community (Warde, 2002) and who, in creating these ‘corporate campus’ societies, appear to then have the right to expect more from employees. * How could it be otherwise? What then, are ways as a society that we can improve this situation? What are the impacts of working long hours on families and relationships? For individuals, options might be job sharing or accepting that lifestyle choices are sometimes out of reach. In this vein, perhaps if there was a shift in consumer purchasing, then lifestyle ‘needs’ might be forced to become more affordable. Individuals placing more importance on relationships and family instead of work may also be an important step forward. Companies could look at relocating costs spent creating and maintaining corporate campus’ and put this back into wages and/or benefits or using rewards and recognition for the employees standard of work as opposed to the amount of time that they work. Companies may need to take the view that a way to boost morale and improve productivity may mean employing more people to spread the workload and not glorifying overwork so as to alleviate pressure on employees. Conclusion Where then does this leave the individual? In a society where job security is decreasing and being a part of a highly rated ‘fun’ workplace that meets all of a persons needs is seen as a privilege, has the creation of these workplaces alleviated pressure on the individual or created more? What are the consequences on family and society? Is it possible to live without high price consumer goods and the biggest house on the street? What are the future implications for a society that believes that three cars, a boat and a holiday house will make them happy – even if they never get to enjoy any of it because they’re in the office? * Main points summarised very briefly * The broader implications and significance of the topic, and * brief comment on future possibilities/recommendations/strategies Research Papers on Developing a Sociological Imagination - Sociology EssayTwilight of the UAWMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesResearch Process Part OneThree Concepts of PsychodynamicCapital PunishmentComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaDefinition of Export Quotas

Macro and Micro Economics - 2 Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Macro and Micro Economics - 2 - Case Study Example Federal Reserves’s ability to increase the money supply because when the FRB lowers the reserve requirements, the excess reserves increase automatically. The commercial banks would have more freedom in lending out money and money supply would increase. The MPC of the economy is 1/3. The total government spending is $20 billion. This means that out of $20 billion, $6.66 billion would be spent and the rest would be saved. This $6.66 billion would become the income of subsequent consumers, who would spend $2.22 billion and save the rest. This is a geometric progression and its sum can be found out by the formula 1/1-r. Since MPC is 1/3, MPS becomes 2/3 or 0.66. The multiplier becomes 1.5 (1/0.66). Therefore, the total impact of initial increase of $20 billion is $30 billion ($20 billion* 1.5). A. Irving Fisher’s equation of exchange is derived from the equation of velocity (V) which is number of times in a year that a dollar is used to purchased goods and services. Firstly, GDP is required to be calculated. Then, the quantity of money in the economy (M) is to be calculated. GDP is divided by M to calculate V. It is given as follows: B. In the stock market, the timing of investment decisions is of paramount importance. When a major market correction is expected, people look to sell their stocks and increase their holding of money because of the possibility that the market might soon turn into a bear market. During a market correction, the values of the stocks fall and losses are suffered. Therefore, it is better to sell the stock before the â€Å"correction† arrives. A. Imposition of tariffs saves the local producers from the competition of foreign producers. It also brings tax revenue and helps in decreasing the imports of undesirable items. Importantly, it serves for the betterment of balance of trade. Quotas tend to be more protective than tariffs. They require a lot of paperwork and are hard to administer. Tariffs are easier to manage and unlike quotas,

Serial Killer Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Serial Killer - Research Paper Example His brutality can be analyzed from the fact that he labeled the spraying of cyanide on to his prey as the best killing option that he liked. Richard Kuklinski was a criminal who did not feel guilty about his acts. His dark childhood laid an impact on his future killings (Holmes et al 2009; Martin 2006). Richard Kuklinski was born to Anna and Stanley Kuklinski. They belonged to a low income household. His father was an alcoholic and his mother was a Catholic and a strong follower of her religion. He received many beatings at the hands of his father and his mother. The cruelty with which his father used to beat the children can be analyzed from the fact that his beatings resulted in the death of one of Richard’s siblings. Thus, Richard was brought up in a very disturbed household. His childhood was not only darkened by the trauma that he had to suffer at his house, but Richard was also the victim of the bullies of his neighborhood (Shaw 2008). The instillation of violence in his character began at an early age. He used to make the cats of his neighborhood as the victim of his violence. He committed his first murder at the bare age of 14. He killed a boy named Johnny who was bullying him by using a cue stick as his weapon. His first killing raised his spirits and he continued this act of killing anyone who displeased him. He got married to a woman named Barbara at the age of 26 years. He then adapted the criminal path for his livelihood. He first sold pornographic material and later he became a hit man for the Gambino family. He fell in the hands of the police authorities in the year 1986 during a major crackdown operation (Holmes et al 2009; Martin 2006). The differential association theory of crime truly depicts the character of Richard Kuklinski. The differential association theory puts forward the fact that a person is directed towards committing of crime from what he learns and sees. This can be understood as Richard was instilled with

Scope of technology Essay Example for Free

Scope of technology Essay In this essay, I will comment on Morton Winston’s definitions of technology, then apply the six aspects in every technology to an artifact selected from Friedman’s essay â€Å"The World is Flat†. The six aspects include first the skills, techniques, human activity forms, or socio-technical practice; second, resources, tools, and materials; third, technological products or artifacts; fourth, end, intention or functions; fifth, background knowledge; and lastly, social context in which the technology is designed, developed, used, and disposed of, and the artifact that I will apply is Nike. In Children of Invention Revisited by Winston, he describes technology in three different ways in reference to the artifact I selected. First, Winston clearly defines technology as â€Å"the organization of knowledge, people, and things to accomplish specific practical goal†; second, he states that â€Å"technology consists of not only useful artifacts and the tools and processes to produce them but also the entire organization of people and materials that permits the acquisition of the knowledge and skills needed to design, manufacture, distribute, use, repair, and eventually dispose of these artifacts†; lastly, Winston’s definition of technological systems states â€Å" the complex of techniques, knowledge, and resources that are employed by human beings in the creation of material and social artifacts that typically serve certain functions perceived as useful or desirable in relation to human interests in various social contexts†. Nike employs many human activity forms. To begin with, Nike uses many different skills to yield the best productivity. One skill they have is all Nike shoes are generally considered to be attractive and durable. They are innovative, introducing a number of new features designed to increase comfort and enhance an athletes performance. They use different techniques to make this happen. They import from China, Australia, Canada, Malaysia, Singapore and the United Kingdom being the top mentioned countries for Nike exportation. Also, Nike has worked to improve labor conditions in their footwear, apparel and equipment supply chains for more than 15 years. Key issues in which they have engaged include the health and safety of the workers who make their products, excessive overtime, the ability of workers to freely associate, and child labor and forced labor. In addition, Nike has created a â€Å"sustainable supply chain†, one that includes sustainability on equal footing with cost, on-time delivery and quality . As one of the pillars of their sustainable business strategy, they have developed a vision of what success looks like. The vision and steps they are taking are making them achieve this strategy of going forward and continuing to one of the leading companies in activewear. Nike employs human activity forms in almost every part of the company; starting with using ships to import, trucks and truck drivers to transport all their products to stores. Lastly, Nike uses socio-technical practices when it comes to designing their stores, deciding on their logo, and designing the layout of the store. There is just so much to speculate at because every aspect of their company relies on human-activity forms. Nike would not be able to be as powerful of a company if they did not make use of every resource, tool and material available to them. They use computers at stores, which is their most common and powerful resource used. They use computer software everywhere, from cash registers, to security cameras, to tracking their products, and to controlling production. One tool Nike uses in surplus is machinery, such as to produce their products, along with forklifts to boats. Material Nike uses range, for they manufacture and sell many different products from socks, shirts, shoes,hats, to bags. In addition, Nike sells and uses multiple technological products. They sell iPod cases, headphones, and watches. Nevertheless, Nike is stocked with technological products and artifacts for sell. As a matter of fact, Nike uses a lot of technological products themselves, from cell phones to electricity. Nike in fact is an artifact of technology. Nike is used to employ many people, to making people comfortable when being active. Nike is a large corporation that functions as a worldwide store. It provides consumers with a place to purchase to best quality and most known activewear. Nike functions as an employer to some, to make other go day by day in comfort, and a shopping option to many. Now, for Nike Inc. to have become the corporation that it is today, they need to have had an enormous background knowledge to be this successful and efficient. There are two kinds of background knowledge; knowledge-that and knowledge-how. To begin with knowledge-how, Nike had to know how to buy and find the right location to manufacture products and still make a profit. They also had to know how to expand and manage inventory accurately and precisely. Not only that, but also how to pick the locations for the stores. All this requires a lot of knowledge and ideas. For Nike to continue its everyday massive production and efficiency, knowledge- that is, is significant. Nike needed knowledge with the store layout, design, the technology that would be used, locations, and many more things. For Nike to operate efficiently, a lot of knowledge into technology and artifacts of technology was needed. Nike as a whole, is a social artifact for it is a corporation. Within this artifact, lie many divisions of labor. From managing, cashier, shoe designer, logo designer, each position requires different invisible technologies to fulfill the role. Ultimately, all these specific roles come together to create a social organization that run an artifact of technology.

Internet Censorship Isnt Necessary Essays -- Argumentative Persuasive

Internet Censorship Isn't Necessary    "Fear of chaos cannot justify unwarranted censorship of free speech" (Quittner). This quotation came from a speech made by Vice President Al Gore, who was addressing the graduating class of 1996 from The Massachusetts Institute of Technology. This quotation expresses his viewpoint on this subject of censorship. Censorship has always been an issue in the world. What exactly is censorship? A censor is one who is authorized to examine books, films, or other materials and to remove or suppress what is considered morally, politically, or otherwise objectionable. Censorship is the act of removing this questionable material. Understandably, it is illegal to yell fire in a crowded room or use children for pornographic purposes, but the power of censors has exceeded logical boundaries. Works of art, such as Huckleberry Finn and Miss Saigon , have felt the full strength of censorship. The main problem regarding censorship is not knowing who has the right to determine what is valuable art and what is smut. Quite often members of religious groups take it upon themselves to determine the value of something. Those people who endorse censorship feel that they are protecting society from, among other things, violence, sex and the differences in sexual preference. At the same time, however, they are giving the power to restrict expression to a select few. Advocates of censorship feel that they have the right to ban works of art that express what they feel are erroneous ideas. What may seem erroneous to these advocates, may sculpt another's view on life and may reflect how they feel. Who has the right to determine who is right and who is wrong? The censors who feel that this right is theirs, also ... ...sh Language. Third Edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1996. pp. 310. Chapman, Gary. "Regulations on Internet Pornography Will Be Ineffective." Censorship: Opposing Viewpoints. Bender, David. Greenhaven Press, Inc., 1997 Cranmer. "Child Safety on the Internet." [On-line]. Available: http://www.voicenet.com/~cranmer/censorship.html. November 10, 1997. Gutner, Toddi and Wildstrom, Steve. "Cybersmut: How To Lock Out The Kids." Business Week. February 12, 1996. pp.98-99. Levy, Steven. "An Indecent Proposal." Newsweek. May 27, 1996. pp. 80. Lindsay, John. "Policing the Internet." [On-line]. Available: http://www.mailbase.ac.uk/lists/pin/1997-08/0002.html. November 10, 1997. Meyer, Michael. "A Bad Dream Comes True in Cyberspace." Newsweek. January 8, 1996. pp. 65. Quittner, Joshua. "Free Speech For The Net." Time. June 24, 1996. pp. 56-57. Internet Censorship Isn't Necessary Essays -- Argumentative Persuasive Internet Censorship Isn't Necessary    "Fear of chaos cannot justify unwarranted censorship of free speech" (Quittner). This quotation came from a speech made by Vice President Al Gore, who was addressing the graduating class of 1996 from The Massachusetts Institute of Technology. This quotation expresses his viewpoint on this subject of censorship. Censorship has always been an issue in the world. What exactly is censorship? A censor is one who is authorized to examine books, films, or other materials and to remove or suppress what is considered morally, politically, or otherwise objectionable. Censorship is the act of removing this questionable material. Understandably, it is illegal to yell fire in a crowded room or use children for pornographic purposes, but the power of censors has exceeded logical boundaries. Works of art, such as Huckleberry Finn and Miss Saigon , have felt the full strength of censorship. The main problem regarding censorship is not knowing who has the right to determine what is valuable art and what is smut. Quite often members of religious groups take it upon themselves to determine the value of something. Those people who endorse censorship feel that they are protecting society from, among other things, violence, sex and the differences in sexual preference. At the same time, however, they are giving the power to restrict expression to a select few. Advocates of censorship feel that they have the right to ban works of art that express what they feel are erroneous ideas. What may seem erroneous to these advocates, may sculpt another's view on life and may reflect how they feel. Who has the right to determine who is right and who is wrong? The censors who feel that this right is theirs, also ... ...sh Language. Third Edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1996. pp. 310. Chapman, Gary. "Regulations on Internet Pornography Will Be Ineffective." Censorship: Opposing Viewpoints. Bender, David. Greenhaven Press, Inc., 1997 Cranmer. "Child Safety on the Internet." [On-line]. Available: http://www.voicenet.com/~cranmer/censorship.html. November 10, 1997. Gutner, Toddi and Wildstrom, Steve. "Cybersmut: How To Lock Out The Kids." Business Week. February 12, 1996. pp.98-99. Levy, Steven. "An Indecent Proposal." Newsweek. May 27, 1996. pp. 80. Lindsay, John. "Policing the Internet." [On-line]. Available: http://www.mailbase.ac.uk/lists/pin/1997-08/0002.html. November 10, 1997. Meyer, Michael. "A Bad Dream Comes True in Cyberspace." Newsweek. January 8, 1996. pp. 65. Quittner, Joshua. "Free Speech For The Net." Time. June 24, 1996. pp. 56-57.

Mozart’s “Clarinet Quintet” and Mahler’s Symphony no.1 in D major “Titan” Essay

The Music of the classical and Romantic era is a period of time where it shows the development and different styles of music. This can be shown through the manipulation of musical elements, (dynamics, pitch, tempo, rhythm, texture, meter, tonality, structure, melody, harmony, instrument) while contrasting them, but it can also be shown through the composers of the music, the size of the orchestra, musical directions, emotional content, and non-musical developments through that period of time. After the Renaissance and the Baroque era, the Classical era soon followed at around the 1720-1820’s. During these times in Europe, there were many non musical developments, ideas of the enlightenment, political issues, scientific discoveries and the reexamination of established ideas, including the existence of God. Many of these ideas and has got huge impact on the heavy Monumental baroque style and later developed with a more intimate rococo style, with its light colors, curved lines, and graceful ornaments, which greatly resembles the classical period. Shortly after the Classical period, the Romantic era appeared during the 1820-1900’s. At these times, non-musical developments such as cultural movements strongly expressed emotion, imagination, and individuality. People such as Romantic painters and writer often emphasized the freedom of expression; they often saw political revolution as a reflection of their own struggles for artistic freedom. This had made a huge i mpact on Romantic music, because the emotional subjectivity turned into a basic quality of Romanticism. Comparing the musical elements of Classical era and Romantic era, we would notice the many differences, and hence we can identify and recognize the music of both periods. The first musical element that I will discuss is rhythm. As we can see, the rhythm of the Classical era tends to be less complex and quite repetitive. Classical style usually includes unexpected pauses, syncopations, and frequent changes from long notes to shorter notes, and the change from one pattern of note lengths to another may be either sudden or gradual. As we can see in the Finale of Mozart’s Clarinet Quintet, we can see that during each of those variations, the rhythms are not very complex and quite repetitive, for example, the first 3 – 8 bars of the introduction in Mozart’s Clarinet Quintet show a somewhat consistent rhythm  consisted 4 of crotchets each bar, the 2nd variation show a consistent rhythm of 4 sets of triplets between the 2nd violin and viola, the 3rd variation shows a consistent rhythm of 4 sets of semi-quavers in each bar, with the clarinet normally. Through what I have described just now, one could see that the pattern of note lengths have gradually changed to shorter and shorter, in this case, from 4 crotchets to 4 triplets to 4 semi-quavers. Also, in variations like Mozart’s clarinet quintet, triplets and syncopations can be found frequently. In contrast, romantic music tends to not emphasize that much on simple and consistent rhythms. There are often changes in the number of beats in a measure, cross-rhythms, syncopations, etc. For example in Mahler’s Symphony no.1 in D major â€Å"Titan†, consistent notes goes against syncopations, there are accompaniments with skips and staccatos etc. (p.116) Both Classical and Romantic eras have written musical directions, unlike Renaissance and Baroque which does not have any. Moreover, I have noticed that the musical directions of both pieces have extreme differences. As we see in Mahler’s symphony no.1 in D major â€Å"titan† 3rd movement, there are many written musical directions: dynamic, emotional, tempo directions. For example, in the first 20 bars, there are already 7 written musical directions, whereas in Mozart’s clarinet quintet, there are extremely small amounts of written musical directions, only 2 written musical directions in the first 20 bars. This significantly shows that there are differences in the use of written musical directions in the Classical and Romantic era. Classical and Romantic music has differences in melodies and structures too. In classical music, the structures emphasize more the grace of proportion and balance, moderation and control; polished and elegance in character with expressiveness and formal structure held in perfect balance. Furthermore, the forms do not vary as much as the Romantic era, they had forms like sonatas, symphonies etc. The melodic phrases are usually balanced and symmetrical made up of two phrases of the same length. For an example, in Mozart’s Clarinet Quintet, the music is very symmetrical and well balanced, in a variation form. However, in Romantic music, they rather emphasize on the emotional content than trying to sound balanced and symmetrical, and expanded their use of forms and created new forms, like impromptu, ballade,  etude, nocturnes etc,. Moreover, the melodies normally have either really long or short phrases, increased in range, but also increased in chromaticism. For example in Mahler’s symphony no.1 in D major â€Å"Titan†, we can see that except it is in a ABA form, the whole movement was not as symmetrical and well balanced as the Mozart, although it is in a variation form, the melodic phrases have increased in range, are either really long, for example in the first 18 bars, or really short, where the melody can be hardly seen in bar 134-137. Classical and Romantic era are very different in the use of harmonies too. In Classical music, harmonies were formed from the chords. If the chords in a music composition are all major chords, then the harmonies would create emotions that express bright, happy and positive feelings, in contrast, if the chords are all minor chords, then the harmony would express the emotion which is sad and depressed, negative feelings. However, in Romantic music, harmonies are more complex due to the development of the complex chords. For example, a diminished chord that is usually found in Romantic music would create a harmony that is rarely found in Classical music. In general, the use of harmonies is very different in both Classical and Romantic music. Another difference I have noticed between Classical and Romantic music is the range of dynamics used. In the Classical era, the dynamic range normally used was between pp – ff. This range was expanded in the Romantic period, ranging from pppp – ffff. This difference can be evidently proven in Mozart’s Clarinet Quintet, where the range was kept within the range of p – f, a small range of pitch in each part of instruments. However, in Mahler’s symphony no. 1 in D major â€Å"titan†, the range of dynamics increased to pppp – f, with a big range of dynamics in each of the instrumental parts. In general, the range of pitch of Classical and Romantic era varies when the classical as small range of dynamics, whilst the Romantic as a larger range of dynamics. The range of pitch of the Classical and Romantic era is used very differently too. In the classical era, the range pitch is not as big as the Romanic era, as he range of pitch in the Romantic era was expanded, as the composers seek  for more extreme high and low sounds. For example in Finale of Mozart’s Clarinet Quintet as a Classical song, the range of pitch of the whole song was only D2 – C6 with little range of pitch in every instrumental part, but the range of pitch in Mahler’s symphony no. 1 in D major, as a Romantic song, is B1- D6, with a very broad range in every instrumental part. In general, the range of pitch of Classical and Romantic era varies when the classical as small range of pitch, whilst the Romantic as a larger range of pitch. The tempo of classical era and Romantic Era is used very differently too. In the Classical era, the tempo only changed when there are written musical directions to change the mood, but tempo of Romantic music changed the mood constantly with not only the written musical directions, which is often underlined by Accelerando, Ritardando, and subtle variations of pace: but there are many more fluctuations in tempo than there are in Classical music, which they also intensify their emotions by using effect of Rubato. As we can see in Mozart’s clarinet quintet, there are only 3 written musical directions: â€Å"Allegretto con Variationi†, which means a little lively, moderately fast, with variation, â€Å"Adagio† which means at ease: slow, and allegro, which means cheerful or brisk; but commonly interpreted as fast, lively, and there are no written musical directions which guide the tempo within the scores. However, in Mahler’s symphony no. 1 in D major, there are not only main musical directions to guide the tempo, like â€Å"Feierlich und gemessen, ohne zu schleppen†, which means dignified but not too slow, but there are small ones in between the scores which appears constantly, like Zurluckhaltend which means holding back tempo, creating Rubato effect and Poco. Rit etc. These two pieces, Mozart’s clarinet quintet as a Classical music, Mahler’s titan as a Romantic music, clearly shows that there are significant differences in the tempo of the Classical and Romantic era, Classical with a less frequent change of tempo, Romantic with a frequent change of tempo. The texture of Classical and Romantic music can be contrasted. Classical music is basically homophonic; for example in Mozart’s Clarinet Quintet, we can see that the texture is basically homophonic, with a few that is  polyphonic, and the pieces shifted smoothly from one texture to another, like in the changes from variation 1 to variation 3, there is a gradual change from thin texture to thicker texture. In contrast, even though romantic music can be homophonic and polyphonic and most of the time between the two, the texture turns thicker, it has lots of changes in texture, more drastic and frequent, and they use a lot more instruments to exaggerate this thick and emotional content. As we can see in Mahler’s symphony no.1 â€Å"Titan†, the texture is pretty thick in general, due to the size of the orchestra which creates density, and during the bars of 134-137, the whole orchestra is used, which creates the intense and climax moment. In general, although both Classical and Romantic music are mainly homophonic, the thickness of the texture is contrasted significantly. Chromaticism was also used differently in the Classical and Romantic era. In the classical era, melodic chromaticism was used frequently (especially by Mozart) to balance the harmonic plainness. In its simplest form of chromatic scales, it occurs a lot in unaccented passing notes. Melodic chromaticism does not usually affect the harmony; it is mainly used for color-modification of diatonic notes, to add tone color by composers. However, Romantic music generally uses chromaticism to form the music’s harmonies and create chords. This helps the composer to expand the emotional contents and express a few different emotions of the musical piece. In general, chromaticism was used very differently in the Classical and Romantic era. Cadenza chords of Classical and Romantic music is similar, but you can say that cadenza chords of Romantic music are built on top of the cadenza chords structures of Classical music. In Classical music, they generally have a cadenza chord structure of I – V – I. In Mozart’s clarinet quintet, the cadenza chords can easily be recognized as chords I – V – I, as we can see in the first 16 bars. In Mahler’s symphony no.1 in D major â€Å"titan† however, the cadenza consist of only chord I from bar 158 to the end, 11 bars all written in chord I. This type of chord structure is seldom found in Classical music, because Classical music usually ends a piece of music in an authentic cadence, plagal cadence, or deceptive cadence. In Romantic music,  these cadences are still used, but composers like to end their music in their own unique way, just like Mahler’s symphony no. 1 in D major. Another difference that I have noticed between Classical and Romantic music is the size of their orchestra. In a Classical orchestra, there are normally only 20-60 players, which involve strings: 1st & 2nd violins, violas, cellos, double basses. Woodwinds: 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons. Brass: 2 French horns, 2 trumpets. Percussion: 2 timpani. However, towards this end of the Romantic era, the orchestra might have included around 100 musicians. The constant expansion of the orchestra reflected composes changing needs as well as the growing size of concert halls and opera houses, due to technological advances. The brass, woodwind and percussion sections of the orchestra took on a more active role, calling for trombones, tubas, and more horns and trumpets. The woodwind took on new tone colors such as contrabassoon, bass clarinet, English horn and piccolo. Orchestral sounds became more brilliant and sensuously appealing through increase uses of cymbals the triangle and the harp. One of the most evident differences between Classical and Romantic music is how composers express their emotion and creating emotional intensity. Composers from the Classical Period tend to focus more on the structure of music, creating music that is structural and compact in form, and captures our attention by the beauty and structure of the music, which usually just expresses one emotion. However, composers from the Romantic Period focused more on depicting their emotions in their music, emphasizing on expression rather then structure, expressing several different emotions. When we compare Mozart’s Clarinet Quintet to Mahler’s Symphony No. 1 in D major â€Å"Titan†, Mozart’s Clarinet Quintet tends to be more focused on perfecting the harmony between the different melodies and also the structure and forms, while Mahler’s Titan emphasized much more on the emotional content. In short, Classical music tends emphasize on the beauty of balanced structures, expressing one emotion, while Romantic music tends to express more emotional contents, expressing several different emotions. In general, the music of Classical and Romantic era are very different in  many ways, in all aspects of the elements, dynamics, pitch, tempo, rhythm, texture, meter, tonality, structure, melody, harmony, instrument, and especially how they express their emotional contents. However, the Classical and Romantic eras are both historical developments of western music, which significantly contributes to the music that we listen to today. References Classical music. (2007, April 11). Retrieved April 15, 2007, from wikipedia Web site: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_musicClassical period (music). (2007, April 13). Retrieved April 14, 2007, from wikipedia Web site: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_music_eraLogan, J., & Swann, J. (n.d.). Classical Music and Romantic Music – Part 1. Retrieved April 7, 2007, from http://trumpet.sdsu.edu/m345/Romantic_Music1.htmlRomantic music. (2007, April 12). Retrieved April 13, 2007, from wikipedia Web site: http://http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romantic_musicSchmidt-Jones, C. (2006, January 3). The Music of the Romantic Era. Retrieved April 7, 2007, from connexions Web site: http://cnx.org/content/m11606/latest/Sexton, T. (2007, January 17). The Classical and romantic Eras in Music History. Retrieved April 4, 2007, from associatedcontent Web site: http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/119869/the_classical_and_romantic_eras_in.html

“Stalin Won Because Trotsky Lacked a Power Base” How Far...

â€Å"Stalin won because Trotsky lacked a power base†: How far does this statement explain why Stalin, rather than Trotsky, succeeded Lenin as leader of the Soviet State? A power base is the source of a person’s organisation power or influence. The statement â€Å"Stalin won because Trotsky lacked a power base† does not explain the actual reasons as to why Trotsky did not succeed Lenin as the leader of the Soviet state. Trotsky had the most powerful power base in Russia at the time which was that he had control of the Red Army. Stalin on the other hand had control of the politburo which was still powerful but when it came down as to who was more powerful it was no doubt the power base of Trotsky. After Lenin’s death in 1924, there were 5 main†¦show more content†¦Trotsky’s inactiveness resulted in people thinking Stalin was better than him. Normal people who did not have any interest in the party or were loyal began joining the Bolshevik Party after Lenins death. This was known as Lenins Enrolment. Russians who weren’t even true Communists joined the Party in order to receive privileges. Trotsky openly called these people ‘radishes’. As they were red on the outside, meaning they appeared to support Communism, but were white on the inside, meaning they were really the ones who opposed the Reds; and only joined to have an increased standard of living. Trotsky was a well educated upper class member of Russian society and came off as rude and snobby, he made things worse for himself after declaring people as ‘radishes’ losing even more of the little support he had left after failing to attend Lenins funeral. This again is a very important factor in Stalin becoming Soviet leader. Trotsky had many qualities but was hugely contradicted by his arrogance and insults towards others. One of the biggest insults was that he called the members of the party â€Å"Radishes†. What Trotsky meant by this was that on the outside the members said they were really part of the Bolsheviks party because they wanted a communist state, however on the inside they were members for the privileges that you got for being part ofShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesE SSAYS ON TWENTIETH-C ENTURY H ISTORY In the series Critical Perspectives on the Past, edited by Susan Porter Benson, Stephen Brier, and Roy Rosenzweig Also in this series: Paula Hamilton and Linda Shopes, eds., Oral History and Public Memories Tiffany Ruby Patterson, Zora Neale Hurston and a History of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture